English II 2020

Foreword to The National Atlas of Korea II 2020

 

 

 

 Our land is a precious place that Korean people will always call home. Our land should also be a space where everyone can have opportunities to realize their dreams and potential. We are responsible for creating a well-balanced, safe, clean, and beautiful country and for passing it on to our descendants. The National Atlas of Korea, which comprehensively records current information about our land, is the foundation for achieving this goal.

 

 

 The National Atlas of Korea was first published in a single book form in 2007. The second edition was published in three volumes: Territory and History (Volume I, 2014), National Land and Natural Environment (Volume II, 2016), and National Land and Human Environment (Volume III, 2016). This edition provided comprehensive and stereoscopic information on Korea’s natural and human environment. The newly published National Atlas of Korea II 2020 details the present state of the natural environment as well as changes that have occurred through time.

 

 

 Korea is a dynamic country, having achieved urbanization, industrialization, and democratization in a relatively short period of time. Even now, the land, space, and natural environment are changing according to changes in the industry, population, and urban spatial structure. This atlas illustrates Korea’s natural environment in various maps. It is expected that this atlas will help readers comprehensively understand the land of Korea. This atlas will be a key reference for major policy formulation and decision-making, an important textbook for enhancing an understanding of and pride in our land, and a fundamental tool in promoting the Republic of Korea to the international community.

 

 

 I am grateful to all the organizations and experts who have collected and organized a vast amount of data to accurately capture the changes in our land in The National Atlas of Korea II 2020. I would particularly like to express my gratitude and respect for the hard work of the National Geographic Information Institute and the Korean Geographical Association, who led the atlas production, and the domestic and foreign experts who provided valuable data and reviewed the atlas.

 

 

 Maps accurately represent geographic reality and reflect worldviews such as beliefs and values that enable us to perceive the world around us properly through the framework they provide. Distributing and sharing information on the land builds the foundation for the nation’s economic growth and helps develop the nation’s democracy. I hope that the newly published National Atlas of Korea II 2020 significantly contributes to achieving greater economic and social growth and leads to a democracy that embraces the worldview of a new era. In addition, I hope that The National Atlas of Korea II 2020 will be widely used and loved not only by Korean people, but also by everyone in the world who wants to learn about Korea.

 

 

  Thank you.

 

 

December 2020

Byeon, Chang-heum

Minister, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport

Preface

 

  Since ancient times, our ancestors have published maps and texts about regional geography based on systematically collected information concerning the nature, history, society, and culture of each region of the nation. These maps and publications have been used to govern the nation. Continuing this tradition, the Korean government published two editions of the National Atlas of Korea (2007 and 2014–2016). The National Atlas of Korea, which details information about Korea's natural environment, politics, economy, society, and other human environments, is an official national document that records the current state of the country as well as changes through time by adopting state-of-the-art cartographic techniques, such as infographic methods.

 

 

 The National Geographic Information Institute first published The National Atlas of Korea in 2007. From 2014 to 2016, three volumes of the second edition of The National Atlas of Korea were published: Territory and History (Volume I), National Land and Natural Environment (Volume II), and National Land and Human Environment (Volume III). The newly published National Atlas of Korea II 2020 revises the content pertaining to Korea's natural environment that was published in 2015, describing aspects of the natural environment in more depth.

 

 

  Chapter 1 (Lithosphere) describes the beauty and diversity of our land by explaining its landforms, geology, and soil. Chapter 2 (Biosphere) describes the various organisms living together with humans, and is divided into ecology, animals, and plants. Chapter 3 (Atmosphere and Hydrosphere) deals with weather, climate, hydrology, and oceans, which greatly influence our daily lives. Chapter 4 (Anthrosphere) explains various environmental changes and pollution created by human activities and efforts to overcome the problems caused by them.

 

 

 This revised edition adds new content, including the current status of the wind and solar power generation industry in Korea, discussion of ecosystem services, information regarding the soil and agriculture of North Korea, and data on the distribution of particulate matter across the nation, in order to reflect the changing characteristics of the physical environment in Korea and the interests of the Korean people. In addition, this revised edition further enhances visual quality by adopting state-of-the-art cartographic and infographic techniques while reflecting the most recent trends in the atlas industry.

 

 

  I hope that The National Atlas of Korea, called Daedong yeojido in the 21st Century, will become an important reference for policymakers, a repository of academic information for scholars, and a useful set of textbooks for educators. Finally, I would like to thank all those who participated in publishing The National Atlas of Korea II 2020, including the Korean Geographical Society. I hope that everyone comes to better understand and love our land through The National Atlas of Korea II 2020.

 

 

December 2020

Sakong, Hosang

Director General, National Geographic Information Institute

 

 

 

 

Editorial Board of the National Atlas of Korea

 

 

 

CHAIRMAN                             

 

                                             Sakong, Hosang (Director General, National Geographic Information Institute)

 

 

VICE CHAIRMAN                        

 

                                               Shim, Byung-sub (Director, National Geographic Information Institute)

 

 

GENERAL SECRETARY                         

 

ᅵ                                           Hwang, Chul Sue (Professor, Kyung Hee University)

 

 

OFFICE OF THE EDITORIAL BOARD

 

ᅵ                                           Jeon, Bu nam (Deputy Director, National Geographic Data Monitoring Department)

 

ᅵ                                           Her, Young-ran (Officer in Charge, National Geographic Data Monitoring Department)

                                    

 

COOPERATING GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS 

 

         Ministry of Economy and Finance                                             Ministry of Education   

 

         Ministry of Science and ICT                                                       Ministry of Foreign Affairs     

       

         Ministry of Unification                                                               Ministry of Justice

 

         Ministry of National Defense                                                      Ministry of the Interior and Safety   

           

         Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism                                     Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs

   

         Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy                                      Ministry of Health and Welfare               

 

         Ministry of Environment                                                             Ministry of Employment and Labor

 

         Ministry of Gender Equality and Family                                     Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport          

   

         Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries                                                 Ministry of SMEs and Startups

 

         Statistics Korea                                                                             Korea Meteorological Administration             

 

         Korea Forest Service                                                                    Cultural Heritage Administration

 

         Rural Development Administration                                             National Agency for Administrative City Construction

 

         Presidential Committee for Balanced National Development      National Institute of Ecology

 

         Korea Hydrographic and Oceanographic Agency                         National Assembly Secretariat               

 

         National Institute of Korean History                                             Northeast Asian History Foundation          

 

         Korea Institute for Curriculum and Evaluation                             National Institute of Environmental Research        

 

         Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources                  National Institute of Agricultural Sciences          

 

         National Institute of Fisheries Science                                           Korea National Park Service          

 

         Seoul Metropolitan Government                                                    Yesan County          

 

         Changnyeong County                         

 

 

     

Editorial Committee of the National Atlas of Korea II 2020

 

 

 

EDITORS-IN-CHIEF

 

                                              Park, SooJin (Seoul National University) Hwang, Chul Sue (Kyung Hee University)

 

 

EDITORS

 

                                               Park, Jungjae (Seoul National University) Kim, Daehyun (Seoul National University)

 

 

Ⅰ. LITHOSPHERE

 

Section Leader

 

               Park, SooJin (Seoul National University)

 

 

LANFORMS

 

Lead Author

 

                Lee, Gwang-Ryul (Kyungpook National University)

 

 

Contributing Authors

 

                Chang, Eunmi (Zin Consulting Co. Ltd.)                   Ju, Hong Jun (Korea National Park Service)

 

                Lim, Jong-Deock (Heritage Administration)             Park, Chung-Sun (Kyungpook National University)

 

                Park, Kyeong (Sungshin Women’s University)         Park, SooJin (Seoul National University)

 

                Ryu, Wansang (Korea National Park Service)           Seo, Younggak (Korea National Park Service)

 

                Tak, Hanmyeong (Chonnam National University)     Yun, Kwang-Sung (Korea Institute of Environment and Geography)

 

 

 

ROCKS AND MINERALS

 

Lead Author

 

Oh, Chang Whan (Jeonbuk National University)

 

 

Contributing Authors

 

Cho, Deung-Lyong (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources)          Choi, Seon-Gyu (Korea University)

 

Han, Jong-Gyu (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resource)          Huh, Min (Chonnam National University)

 

Hwang, Duk-Hwan (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources)

 

Hyun, Hye-Ja (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources)          Kim, Seong-Pil (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources)

 

Koh, Hee Jae (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources)          Lee, Byung Choon (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral resources)

 

Lee, Gilljae (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral resources)          Lee, Seung Hwan (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral resources)

 

Lee, Woo-Dong (Jeonbuk National University)          Moon, Jai-Woon (Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology)

 

Park, Sang Joon (Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology)          Ryu, In-Chang (Kyungpook National University)

 

Sohn, Young Kwan (Gyeongsang National University)           Yi, Sang-Bong (Korea Polar Research Institute)

 

 

 

SOILS

 

Lead Author

 

         Jeong, Gwanyong (Chonnam National University)

 

 

Contributing Authors

 

   Baek, Kwangho (Korea Forest Service)                                            Cho, Hyun Jun (National Academy of Agricultural Science)

 

   Cho, Hyunkook (Korea Forestry Promotion Institute)                       Choi, Jung Won (National Academy of Agricultural Science)

 

   Go, Woori (National Institute of Agricultural Sciences)                    Hong, Suk Young(National Institute of Agricultural Sciences)

 

   Hur, Seung-Oh(National Institute of Agricultural Sciences)             Hyun, Byung Keun (National Academy of Agricultural Science)

 

   Jeon, Sangho (National Institute of Agricultural Sciences)               Jeong, Seungtaek (Korea Aerospace Research Institute)

 

   Jun, JaeHong (Korea Forestry Promotion Institute)                          Jung, Kang Ho (National Academy of Agricultural Science)

 

   Jung, Sug Jae (National Academy of Agricultural Science)              Kang, Seong Soo (Rural Development Administration)

 

   Kim, Hyuck Soo (Kangwon National University)                             Kim, Kye-Hoon (University of Seoul)

 

   Kim, Sung Chul (Chungnam National University)                             Ko, Jonghan (Chonnam National University)

 

   Kong, Myung Seok (National Academy of Agricultural Science)     Lee, Seungwoo (Korea Forestry Promotion Institute)

 

   Lim, Kyoung Jae (Kangwon National University)                             Ok, Jung-Hun (National Institute of Agricultural Sciences)

 

   Park, SooJin (Seoul National University)                                           Park, Youn Shik (Kongju National University)

 

   Seo, Byounghwan (National Institute of Agricultural Sciences)        Seo, Hwan-seok (Korea Forestry Promotion Institute)

 

   Shin, Kook Sik (Ecomembrane Co. Ltd.)                                           Shin, Yong Chul (Kyungpook National University)

 

   Sonn, Yeonkyu (National Institute of Agricultural Sciences)             Yang, Jae E. (Kangwon National University)

 

   Youn, Hojoong (Korea Forest Research Institute)                              Zhang, Yong Seon (National Academy of Agricultural Science)

 

 

Assistants

 

   Kang, Jingu (Seoul National University)                                              Ko, Yeyun (Chonnam National University)

 

   Lee, Seung-jin (Seoul National University)                                          Shim, Woojin (Seoul National University)

 

 

Ⅱ. BIOSPHERE

 

Section Leader

 

     Kim, Daehyun (Seoul National University)

 

 

 

ECOLOGY

 

Lead Author

 

      Kim, Daehyun (Seoul National University)

 

 

Contributing Authors

 

      Cho, Yong-Hyeon (Kongju National University)                              Choi, Chulhyun (National Institute of Ecology)

 

      Heo, Hag Young (Korea National Park Service)                                Kang, Sinkyu (Kangwon National University)

 

      Kang, Sung-Ryong (National Institute of Ecology)                            Kim, Ilkwon (National Institute of Ecology, 2016)

 

      Kim, Kidong (National Institute of Ecology)                                      Kim, Kyung A (Teoal Co., Ltd.)

 

      Kim, Namshin (National Institute of Ecology)                                   Kong, Woo-seok (Kyung Hee University)

 

      Lee, Dowon (Seoul National Universirty)                                          Lee, Eung Kyoung (Teoal Co., Ltd.)

 

      Lee, Hae-Jin (National Institute of Environmental Research)            Lim, Chi Hong (National Institute of Ecology)

 

      Park, Chan Ryul (National Institute of Forest Science)                      Park, Chan-Ho (National Institute of Biological Resources)

 

      Ryu, Youngryel (Seoul National University)                                      Shin, Man-Seok (National Institute of Ecology)

 

      Yi, Hoonchong (Seoul National University)                                       Yi, Taewoo (National Institute of Ecology)

 

      Yoon, Heenam (National Institute of Ecology)

 

 

Assistants

 

     Cho, Yoori (Seoul National University) Han, Areum (National Institute of Ecology)

 

 

 

ANIMALS

 

 

Lead Author

 

           Han, Donguk (PGA Eco & Bio Diversity Institute)

 

 

Contributing Authors

 

         Bae, Soyeon (National Institute of Ecology, 2016)                         Ha, Jeong Wook (National Institute of Ecology, 2016)

 

         Han, Areum (National Institute of Ecology)                                   Hwang, Youngsim (GEOBOOK Co. Ltd.)

 

         Jang, Hoan-Jin (National Institute of Ecology)                               Jeon, Yonglak (National Institute of Ecology)

 

         Kang, Dong-Won (National Institute of Ecology)                           Kang, Sung-Ryong (National Institute of Ecology)

 

         Kim, Chulgoo (National Institute of Ecology)                                Kim, Dae-In (National Institute of Ecology, 2016)

 

         Kim, Jeong-Kyu (Dept. of Biological Science, Yoingin Univ.)       Kim, Namshin (National Institute of Ecology)

 

         Kim, Woo Yuel (National Institute of Ecology, 2016)                     Kong, Woo-seok (Kyung Hee University)

 

         Lee, Bo Ra (PGA Eco & Bio Diversity Institute)                            Lee, Eung Kyoung (Teoal Co., Ltd.)

 

         Lee, Hwa-jin (National Institute of Ecology, 2016)                         Lee, Hyohyemi (National Institute of Ecology)

 

         Lee, Jun Seok (National Institute of Ecology)                                 Lee, Sang-yeon (National Institute of Ecology)

 

         Lim, Chi Hong (National Institute of Ecology)                                Park, Jong-Gil (Korea National Park Service)

 

         Park, Chan Ryul (Korea Forest Research Institute)                          Park, Hee Bok (National Institute of Ecology)

 

         Park, Jinyoung (National Institute of Ecology)                                Park, Seong-Joon (National Institute of Ecology, 2016)

 

         Park, Yongsu (National Institute of Ecology)                                   Park, Youngjun (National Institute of Ecology)

 

         Roh, Huan Chuen (PGA Eco & Bio Diversity Institute)                  Seo, YeJi (Korea University)

 

         Seo, Younggak (Korea National Park Service)                                 Yang, Doo Ha (Korea National Park Service)

 

         Yoo, Seunghwa (National Institute of Ecology)                                Yoon, Heenam (National Institute of Ecology)

 

 

Assistant

 

          Kim, Da Bin (Kyung Hee University)

 

 

 

PLANTS

 

 

Lead Author

 

          Yang, Keumchul (Kongju National University)

 

 

Contributing Authors

 

         Chae, Hee Myung (Kongju National University)                               Choi, Seung Se (National Institute of Ecology)

 

         Han, Youngsub (National Institute of Ecology, 2016)                         Hong, Yongsik (National Institute of Ecology, 2016)

 

         Kim, Gyungsoon (National Institute of Ecology)                                Kim, Kidong (National Institute of Ecology)

 

         Kim, Kyoung-min (Korea Forest Research Institute)                          Kong, Woo-seok (Kyung Hee University)

 

         Lee, Eung Kyoung (Teoal Co., Ltd.)                                                    Lee, Kyungeun (National Institute of Ecology)

 

         Lee, Seunghyuk (National Institute of Ecology, 2016)                        Lim, Chi Hong (National Institute of Ecology)

 

         Oh, Hyun Kyung (National Institute of Biological Resources)           Park, Jeong Soo (National Institute of Ecology)

 

         Park, Jungjae (Seoul National University)                                           Shin, Hyunchul (National Institute of Ecology)

 

         Shin, Jin Ho (National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage)         Song, SeKyu (National Institute of Ecology, 2016)

 

         Yang, Jong Cheol (Korea National Arboretum)

 

 

 

Assistant

 

Kim, Da Bin (Kyung Hee University)

 

 

 

Ⅲ. ATMOSPHERE AND HYDROSPHERE

 

 

Section Leader

 

Park, Jungjae (Seoul National University)

 

 

 

WEATHER AND CLIMATE

 

 

Lead Author

 

Choi, Youngeun (Konkuk University)

 

 

Contributing Authors

 

Lee, Eungul (Kyung Hee University).     Min, Seung-Ki (Pohang University of Science and Technology)

 

 

Assistants

 

Choi, Hong Jun (Konkuk University)            Im, Ahyeong (Kyung Hee University)

Kang, Kwon Min (Konkuk University)              Kim, Dong Joo (Konkuk University)

Kim, Mingi (Konkuk University)                    Kim, Yujin (Konkuk University)

Lee, Sang-Min (Pohang University of Science and Technology)          Oh, Jieun (Kyung Hee University)

Park, In-Hong (Pohang University of Science and Technology)         So, Jin (Konkuk University)

Son, Ju Young (Konkuk University)                           Yoo, Ei Hyun (Konkuk University)

 

 

 

RIVERS AND WATERSHEDS

 

 

Lead Author

 

Lee, Taesoo (Chonnam National University)

 

 

Contributing Authors

 

Chung, Il-Moon (Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology)

Kim, Jin-Gwan (Chonnam National University)          Kim, Youngil (Chungnam Institute)

Lee, Jeong-Rock (Chonnam National University)

 

 

Assistant

 

Son, Sujeong (Chonnam National University)

 

 

 

SEA

 

 

Lead Author

 

Choi, Jongkuk (Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology)

 

 

 

Contributing Authors

 

An, Yong-Rock (National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea)            Back, Yonghae (Wetland Korea Institute)

Cho, In-young (National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea)                     Eom, Jin-ah (Kangwon National University)

Han, Donguk (PGA Eco & Bio Diversity Institute)                    Hwang, Deukjae (Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology)

Jeong, Seungjin (National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea)      Kim, Keunyong (Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology)

Kim, Min-Seop (National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea)  Park, Myung-Sook (Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology)

 

 

 

Ⅳ. ANTHROPOSPHERE

 

 

Section Leaders

 

Park, SooJin (Seoul National University)             Park, Jungjae (Seoul National University)

 

Kim, Daehyun (Seoul National University)

 

 

ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS AND OUTLOOK

 

Lead Author

                         Park, Jungjae (Seoul National University)

 

 

Contributing Authors

 

Bae, Sunhak (Kangwon National University)             Chu, Jangmin (Korea Environment Institute)

Im, Su-youn (Korea Green Foundation)                      Kim, Gangmin (Kangwon National University)

Lee, Sangbum (Korea Environment Institute)             Moon, Nankyoung (Korea Environment Institute)

Park, SooJin (Seoul National University)

 

 

 

Assistants

 

An, Yoo Soon (Seoul National University) Jeong, Jinsuk (Seoul National University)

 

 

 

 

NATURAL HAZARDS

 

 

Lead Author

 

Jang, Dong Ho (Kongju National University)

 

 

 

Contributing Authors

 

Lee, Yeseul (Kongju National University) Yu, Jae Jin (Korea Environment Institute)

 

 

 

LAND USE AND LAND COVER

 

 

Lead Author

 

           Jang, Dong Ho (Kongju National University)

 

 

Contributing Authors

Kim, Jangsoo (Kongju National University) Park, Jongchul (Korea Environment Institute)

 

 

 

 

Editorial and Production Section

 

 

 

EDITORS-IN-CHIEF

 

                                Park, SooJin (Seoul National University)

 

                                Hwang, Chul Sue (Kyung Hee University)

 

 

EDITORS

                                 Park, Jungjae (Seoul National University)                               Kim, Daehyun (Seoul National University)

 

                                 Shim, Byung-sub (Director, National Geographic Information Institute)

 

 

ENGLISH VERSION EDITOR

 

                                 Choi, Jongnam (Western Illinois University)

 

 

ENGLISH VERSION SENIOR COPY EDITOR

 

                                 Mossman, Amy Patrick (Western Illinois University)

 

 

ENGLISH VERSION GUEST REVIEWERS

 

                                 Chang, Heejun (Portland State University)                  Choi, Woonsup (University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee)

 

                                 Dixon, Seth (Rhode Island College)                             Hwang, Taehee (Indiana University, Bloomington)

 

                                 Ivester, Andrew (University of Sheffield)                     Kim, Hyun (The University of Tennessee, Knoxville)

 

                                 Kwon, Edward (Northern Kentucky University)           Seong, Jeong Chang. (University of West Georgia)

 

                                 Yang, Byungyun (Dongkuk University)

 

 

DATA COLLECTION AND EXCHANGE

 

                                 An, Yoo Soon (Seoul National University)                     Bahk, Junbeom (Seoul National University)

 

                                 Choi, Mungi (University of Utah)                                    Hwang, Taekeon (Kyung Hee University)

 

                                 Jeon, Cheong Ok (Seoul National University)                 Ji, Sanghoon (Kyung Hee University)

 

                                 Kim, Hyunmin (Kyung Hee University)                          Kim, Kangmin (Kyung Hee University)

 

                                 Kim, Yeong (Korean Geographical Society)                    Kim, Wooyong (Kyung Hee University)

 

                                 Lee, Keon-Hak (Seoul National University)                    Lee, Yubin (Kyung Hee University)

 

 

 

DIGITAL MAP MAKERS

 

                                 Im, Se Kwang (GeoDream Co., Ltd.)                                    Kim, Seung Hu (GeoDream Co., Ltd.)

 

                                 Lee, Han Jin (GeoDream Co., Ltd)                                        Lee, Jang Yong (GeoDream Co., Ltd.) 

 

                                 Park, Chul Jun (GeoDream Co., Ltd.)

 

 

 

EDITING AND INFOGRAPHIC DESIGN

 

                                 Joung, So Young (GeoDream Co., Ltd.)                                  Kim, Kyung Sun (GeoDream Co., Ltd.)

 

                                 Kim, Yumi (GeoDream Co., Ltd.)                                           Koo, Wonkyeong (GeoDream Co., Ltd.)

 

                                 Park, Ko eun (GeoDream Co., Ltd.)                                        Yoon, Jiae (GeoDream Co., Ltd.)

 

                                 Yun, Hae Lyoung (GeoDream Co., Ltd.)